Stipules are small leaf-like structures that grow at the base of leaves on some plants. They are often overlooked but play an important role in plant physiology, protection, and identification. In this article, we will explore the significance of stipules in botany and its diverse forms in various plant species.
Functions of Stipules
Stipules serve different functions in different plants. Some stipules act as protecting structures that cover the leaf buds, preventing insects and pathogens from harming the new shoot. Others provide support to the leaf petiole that branches out from the stem. In some plants, stipules help in photosynthesis and store nutrients. Some species shed their stipules as they mature, while others retain them.
Types of Stipules
Stipules are classified into different types based on their shape, size, and position on the leaf. The most common types of stipules are foliaceous stipules, which look like small leaves and grow at the base of leaf petioles. Another type is saccate stipules, which are small sacks that grow around the stem and may help in water or nutrient storage. Free stipules are not attached to the petiole and do not encircle the stem.
Examples of Stipules
Many plant families have stipules, but only some species have distinctive stipules that aid in plant identification, such as the pea family, Fabaceae. The pea family has two different shapes of stipules; one is small and leaf-like, and the other is larger and clasping. Types of plants that have stipules include roses, beans, sweet peas, and hibiscus.
In conclusion, stipules are small but significant structures in the plant world. They have various functions such as protection, support, storage, and identification. Understanding the types and functions of stipules can aid in plant identification and appreciation of plant anatomy.#16#