The concept of biennial events emerged in the 19th century in the form of world fairs, which exhibited innovations and the industrial advancements of participating countries. However, over time, the concept evolved to include art exhibitions as well. Biennials are now organized in many parts of the world and are the most significant contemporary art exhibitions globally.
Some countries organize their own Biennials, while others participate in international ones. The Venice Biennale, organized since 1895, is the most recognized international art exhibition globally. The architecture, cinema, dance, music, and theater exhibitions in addition to the art exhibitions attract more than half a million visitors in each edition. Other notable biennials include The Documenta in Germany, The Sharjah Biennial in the UAE, and The Whitney Biennial in the United States.
The aim of biennials is not only to exhibit current trends in contemporary art but also to create a platform where new work, ideas, and artists can be showcased. Biennials are a haven for artists who are not mainstream but want their work to be noticed. Biennials are also significant events that positively contribute to their host cities’ economy, especially in tourism.
Biennials are not without criticism, and some have argued that they take a predominantly Western view of art and lead to commercialization of art. However, biennials do, to some extent, give visibility to artists from different parts of the world and allow for dialogue between different cultures.
In conclusion, biennials are essential global events for contemporary art. They help promote talented artists to a worldwide audience and foster discussion of art in different cultures. Despite their criticisms, biennials play an integral part in shaping the art world and ensuring that contemporary art remains relevant.