Carpal tunnel syndrome, also known as carpal syndrome or CTS, is a condition that affects the wrist and hand. It is caused by the compression of the median nerve, which runs from the forearm to the hand, in the carpal tunnel. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passage in the wrist made up of bones and ligaments that protects the nerves and tendons that control movement and feeling in the hand.
The most common cause of carpal syndrome is repetitive motion injuries. Activities such as typing, using a computer mouse, or playing an instrument can cause strain on the wrist and lead to nerve compression. Other factors that increase the risk of developing CTS include pregnancy, obesity, diabetes, and arthritis.
The symptoms of carpal syndrome vary from person to person but typically include pain, tingling, numbness, and weakness in the hand and wrist. These symptoms may be worse at night and may make it difficult to grip or hold onto objects. In severe cases, the muscles in the hand may become weakened and atrophied.
To diagnose carpal syndrome, a doctor will perform a physical exam and may order imaging tests such as an X-ray or MRI. Treatment options for CTS depend on the severity of the symptoms. Mild cases may be treated with rest, ice, and the use of a wrist splint to immobilize the affected wrist. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be recommended to relieve pain and inflammation.
If conservative treatments are not effective, more invasive options may be considered. Corticosteroid injections can be administered directly into the carpal tunnel to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to release the pressure on the median nerve and alleviate symptoms.
Prevention is key when it comes to carpal syndrome. Taking frequent breaks when performing repetitive tasks can help reduce the risk of developing CTS. Maintaining good posture and wrist position while performing these tasks can also help prevent strain on the wrist. Stretching exercises and wrist strengthening exercises may also be recommended to prevent CTS.
In conclusion, carpal syndrome is a common condition that can cause pain and discomfort in the wrist and hand. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help individuals better manage this condition and prevent further damage to the affected area.