Rootstock is the foundation of plant production. It is the part of the plant that goes into the ground, and it supports the growth and development of the plant’s shoot system. The rootstock also plays a crucial role in determining the plant’s quality, disease resistance, and ability to perform well under adverse conditions.
Most fruit trees and many ornamental plants are produced by grafting a scion onto a rootstock. Grafting involves inserting a shoot system (scion) from one plant onto the rootstock of another. The scion will grow into a new tree or plant that has the desired characteristics of the original plant.
Rootstock affects many aspects of the plant’s performance, including growth rate, fruit quality, and disease resistance. Rootstock selection is critical for commercial growers because it determines the plant’s productivity and profitability. When a grower chooses a rootstock, they consider factors such as soil type, climate, pest and disease pressure, and management practices.
One of the main reasons for using rootstock in plants is its disease resistance. Some rootstocks are resistant to specific pathogens and can thus protect the scion from attacks. For example, in apple production, the Malling series of rootstocks is known for its resistance to fire blight, a bacterial disease that can severely damage apple trees.
Rootstocks also have a considerable impact on fruit quality, especially in tree fruit production. They influence the size, color, flavor, and texture of the fruit. Rootstock can also affect the timing of fruiting and the yield of the plant. Dwarfing rootstocks are often used to create smaller trees that produce more fruit per acre, precisely in high-density orchard systems.
In conclusion, rootstock is an essential part of plant production that affects many aspects of plant growth and development. The selection of the right rootstock is critical for the success of commercial growers, as it determines the plant’s productivity, disease resistance, and fruit quality. By understanding the role of rootstock in plants, growers can make informed decisions and develop superior plant products.#16#