When you look at a plant, you may think that leaves are the only parts there are, but there is another small appendage that is often found at the base of leaves- stipule. Stipules are small, leafy outgrowths that grow on either side of the base of leaves. They can vary in shape, size, and color depending on the plant species.
Stipules are important in botany as they are used to help categorize plant species. The morphology of stipules can vary greatly, with some being wide and flat, others being narrow and pointed, and some being bristly or spiny. Some plants may even have stipules that are modified to resemble petals or other floral parts. Because stipules can vary so much between species, they help us understand the evolutionary relationships between different plant groups.
But what are stipules for? Stipules can have different functions depending on the plant species. Some stipules are important for protecting and supporting new growth, acting as a barrier against insects or pathogens. Others may help the plant conserve water by providing extra coverage for leaves. In some cases, stipules can also be involved in photosynthesis and play a role in the plant’s energy production.
One of the most interesting aspects of stipules is their variable nature. In some plants, stipules are present in a juvenile plant but disappear as the plant matures. Other plants may have stipules that are only found on certain leaves or during certain times of the year. Some plants may even have stipules that are modified into specialized structures such as tendrils or thorns.
In conclusion, while stipules may seem like small and insignificant plant parts, they are actually important in plant morphology and function. By studying stipules, we can better understand the evolutionary relationships between plant species and the functions of various plant parts. So the next time you look at a plant, take a closer look at the base of its leaves- you just might find some interesting stipules!